- Systemic therapy for adult cancers
- Radiotherapy
- Systemic anti-cancer therapy: Chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hormone/endocrine therapy, immunotherapy
- Radiotherapy: External beam radiotherapy, IMRT, VMAT, SABR/SBRT
- Certificate of Completion of Training (CCT) in Clinical Oncology, United Kingdom
- Fellow of Royal College of Radiologists (FRCR), United Kingdom
- Member of Royal College of Physicians (MRCP), United Kingdom
- University of Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
Breast cysts don't increase the risk of breast cancer. However, any new breast lump should always be investigated to be certain of the nature of the breast lump.
Thank you for your question. If your mother was above 40 years old when she was diagnosed and you do not have any other immediate family members being diagnosed with cancer, it is unlikely that you have an inherited genetic predisposition to the condition. With regards to reducing your risk of cancer, you have done the right thing by stopping smoking for a start. Well done! Other lifestyle measures that will help in reducing the risks of cancer are maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise and a good diet rich in vegetables and fruits, avoiding processed and fatty food as much as possible.
Also, learn to do breast self examination. Be aware of any changes in your body and seek medical attention promptly should something be persistently amiss. Additionally I would suggest enrolling in your local cancer screening programmes when you have met the criterias. In general you should start cervical cancer screening from age 25 if sexually active, breast and colorectal cancer screening from the age of 45.
Hi, having the ovaries, fallopian tubes and endometrium removed will impact on fertility. If she is post menopausal or not planning on having further children, then fertility would not be an issue. If she is pre menopausal, depending on her age, she is at risk of early menopause whereby certain measures can be undertaken to relieve her symptoms as necessary and pre-empt other future risks such as osteoporosis. Her surgeon will be able to explain the specific surgical risks that are involved in relation to the procedure itself.
Sorry, can you explain the cause of the ovaries not working? Thank you.
Hi, thank you for your question. This definitely needs to be investigated. Do make an appointment with your local doctor to be assessed.
Yes, breastfeeding is possible after lumpectomy and on completion of cancer treatment.
Hormonal treatment in breast cancer reduces the amount of oestrogen and progesterone in oestrogen/progesterone receptor positive breast cancer. Therefore the common side effects encountered are generally similar to those going through menopause for example fatigue, hot flushes, sweats, arthralgia, dry skin and mood swings. Different hormone medications will have variations in side effect profiles hence depending on an individual's age, co-morbidities and biology of the tumour, a certain type of hormonal treatment may be preferred over the other.
It depends on the type and stage of your cancer
Lymph nodes are located throughout your body therefore a disease that affects the nodes can technically manifest anywhere along the nodal chain in the body. These are usually more noticeable in palpable and visible areas such as the neck, armpits or groin. Signs and symptoms suggesting that these nodes are cancerous include persistent swelling of the lymph nodes, fatigue, fever, night sweats, unexplained weight loss, shortness of breath and itchy skin amongst others. Best to get any new persistent swelling in the body or persistent symptoms assessed by a medical professional.
The advice on a healthy diet stands ie plenty of fruits and vegetables, reduce consumption of food rich in fat, red meat, alcohol and avoid processed foods and refined sugar. Depending on the treatment there may be some specific dietary advice that needs to be adhered to as for example some may have a malabsorption issue following treatment therefore certain food may irritate their digestive system and precipitate symptoms like diarrhoea etc.
Chocolate cysts or ovarian endometriomas are benign, non-cancerous ovarian cysts. Discuss with your gynaecologist with regards to the best treatment options suitable for you.
Thank you for your enquiry. There is a wide variation within the diagnosis of Stage 3 lung cancer itself. The most optimum treatment for your husband will be dependent on the extent of his disease, molecular biology of the tumour, and your husband's pre-existing medical conditions and health. There may be other treatment options available apart from chemotherapy and immunotherapy for example radiotherapy and targeted treatment. Only with more specific details will I be able to advise on what is best for him and would confer the best outcome.
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